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The first panoramas

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The word panorama was coined by Robert Barker Irish painter by putting two greek words, pan (’all’) and horama (’view’) together. He used this word to name the picture he painted of the scenery of Edinburgh in 1787.

Nagyításhoz kattintson a képre
Robert Barker - The Panorama

He arranged an exhibition the same year in Edinburgh where he placed his painting on the walls of a round shaped room. Standing on a central platform the visitors could only see ’The Panorama’ around and so they had the feeling of being in the actual location.

Barker later moved his panoramas to a purpose-built panorama building in London and made a fortune.

Altough he made a great impact on the 19th and 20th centuries representational arts, none of his significant works endured.




We can also find much older panoramic pictures like the painting of Chinese Zhang Zeduan who made a 25 cm tall and 528 cm long creation in the 12th century. The monumental painting contains 814 people, 28 boats, 60 animals, 30 buildings and 170 trees.

Zhang Zeduan - Along the River During the Qingming Festival

Another version by five Qing Dynasty court painters (Chen Mu, Sun Hu, Jin Kun, Dai Hong and Cheng Zhidao) was presented to the Emperor Qianlong on 15 January 1737. This version was later moved, along with many other artifacts, to the National Palace Museum in Taipei in 1949.

Chen Mu, Sun Hu, Jin Kun, Dai Hong, Cheng Zhidao - Along the River During the Qingming Festival (remake)

As the closing item of our short historical overview you can see the panorama made by joining together M.C. Escher three pictures, Methamorphosis I., II. and III. Escher was an artist of the 20th century and was famous for uniquely illustrating dimensions and ’impossible spaces’.


M.C. Escher - Metamorphosis I.,II.,III.

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